FUNCTIONS OF FOUNDATIONS Foundation serve the following are purposes : 1.) REDUCTION OF LOAD INTENSITY :- Foundations distribute the loads of super-structure, to a larger area so that the intensity of the load at its base does not exceed the safe bearing capacity of the sub-soil. In the case of deep foundations, it transmits the super-imposed loads to the sub-soil both through side friction as well as through end bearing. 2.) EVEN DISTRIBUTION OF LOAD :- Foundations distribute the non- uniform load of the super-structure evenly to be sub-soil. 3.) PROVISION OF LEVEL SURFACE :- Foundations provide levelled and hard surface over which the super-structure can be built. 4.) SAFETY AGAINST UNDERMINING :- Its provides the structural safety against the or scouring due to burrowing animalsand flood water. 5.) LATERAL STABILITY :- Its anchors the super-structure to the ground, thus imparing lateral stability to the super-
COMPONENTS OF A BUILDING A building has to basic parts : 1.) Sub-structure or foundations, 2.) Super-structure Sub-structure or foundation is a lower portion of a building, usually located below the ground level, which transmits the loads of the super-structure to the supporting soil. A foundations is therefore photo structure which is in direct contact with the ground to which the loads are transmitted. Super structure is that part of the structure which is above ground level, and which serves the purpose of its intended use. A part of super structure, located between the ground level andthe floor level is known as plinth. Plinth is therefore defined as the proportion of structure between the surface of surrounding ground and surface of the floor, immediately above the ground. The level of the floor is usually known as the plinth level. The build-up covered area measure at the floor level is known as plinth area. A building has the following components : 1.) foundati